Nanotechnology
Folktales of Greece.
Hundreds of years ago, there was a very high mountain next to the city of
Thebes in Greece. And in that mountain lived a witch named Sphinx. The front
was like his daughters, the curves were lion-shaped. He would ask a riddle to
everyone who passed by the witch. Those who could not answer the riddle
correctly were thrown off the mountain by the terrible witch and killed. The
riddle of the witch is; An animal walks on four legs in the morning, two legs
in the afternoon and three legs in the afternoon. Have you ever been down that
road? Have you ever been pushed down by that witch from the mountain? Actually,
the answer to the witch's riddle is "man" because when he was young,
he crawled on two hands and two knees, when he grew up, he walked upright on
two legs, and when he was old, he walked with a stick full of sticks.
A Photos of Nano Technology
Today's scientists are also trying to answer such a puzzle. However, the answer to this riddle is much more difficult than the answer to the Sphinx's riddle. The puzzle is: How can I increase and decrease at the same time? The number of things we use is increasing day by day. So the scientists thought, how the increased number of items and equipment can be held in a small space. Scientists are now answering this puzzle by summarizing the size of each object and simultaneously the way it is made, a process scientists call "miniaturization."
If a large number of objects are to be placed in a certain area, then the size of the large number of objects must be reduced. In this miniaturization work, electro molecular and electrophysiological engineers have advanced quite a bit. We all probably know about the first radio that came out around 1920 AD. Our forefathers heard broadcasts from Pittsburgh's K.D.Ka (K.D.K.A) radio station on those giant radios. All of those radios contained large radio valves, heavily coiled wires, and large batteries for power. Apart from that, there was an elephant shaped speaker on the left side above the radio. Singha means a flute (according to the Muslim religion, the word "Singa" is derived from the fact that on the day when Allah will bring about the apocalypse or destroy the universe, the word "Singa" is derived from the fact that the word "Singa" is said to blow the flute). Meaning is the moment before the destructible. Based on this flute of religious words, all the speakers of the present era have been made, the shape of the speaker has become smaller, but the design of the technology remains the same shape as the previous singer. That is, there will be a small flute or unit part at the back and a large one at the front. Thomas did not make this shape change in the Alva edison and his musical instruments. We see today's car horn, danger siren, sound box, tin mic, computer box, mobile speaker all made in the shape of the same Dharma Katha singer. But the shape is much smaller than before. Today's radios have been miniaturized from cells. Thanks to Nano technology, a radio has now been brought even to the mobile phone.
What is Nano?
The word Nano is derived from the Greek word Nanos which literally means dwarf (dwarf or small human with magical powers). Nano is a unit of measurement. It's hard to imagine how small it is. One billionth of 1 meter is called 1 nanometer. That is 1 nm = 10-9 m. Here are some examples:
There are 25,400,000 nanometers in an inch. A sheet of paper is about 100,000 nanometers thick. On a comparative scale, if a marble is 1 nanometer, then the size of the earth would be one meter and all technologies that are used on this nanometer (1 to 100 nanometer) scale are called nanotechnology. Anything made of this shape is commonly called a Nano-particle.
In other words, nanotechnology is a science, engineering and technology that is usually conducted on a scale of 1 to 100 nanometers.
Who is the father of nanotechnology?
Richard Feynman is called the father of nanotechnology. In 1959, the famous American physicist Richard Feynman first described the concept of nanotechnology to the public in his "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom" talk.
Nanotechnology is a branch of science and technology that deals with the creation of microscopic devices at the scale of atoms or molecules. With this technology, it is possible to create and use anything from 1 to 100 nanometers in size. The use of nanotechnology can be seen in various fields, such as computer hardware, medicine, textiles, environmental protection, etc. It has brought many improvements in our daily life and will create many new possibilities in the future.
1 camera was invented in 1951 AD weighing 6 pounds and measuring 8×4×5 inches. This camera was named Vidicon. The workings of this camera are shown in great detail in a television program script of the John Hopkins Science Review in America. A Vidicon camera was used to get a better look at the spores placed under a microscope in the laboratory. And that's why scientists these days are getting to know the seeds in more detail. Nowadays, the use of Vidicon as a mechanical detector is increasing day by day in big shops, government institutions to control the problem of burglars.
The use of video cameras, night vision cameras, etc., has also increased massively in banks to keep an eye on suspicious people. Many businessmen and industrialists are using video cameras for day and night surveillance. And he can see the activities of his company on his mobile phone while sitting at home to conduct business. Television has been further miniaturized to suit the use of industrial science and other specialized resources. Instead of large glass picture tubes, LED displays are now found in TVs or monitors. The peacekeeping force and the traffic police force are monitoring illegal vehicles and vehicles with illegal licenses through video cameras equipped with drains.
Today's passenger planes are much larger than the 1927 Spirit of Saint Louis that crossed the Atlantic. Climbs to 5 miles per hour in just 20 seconds and then flies at 500 miles per hour. Lindbergh's planes weighed 1150 pounds and carried only one man and a small amount of equipment. Today's passenger planes weigh 22,200 pounds, carry 100 times more equipment than the speedy "Spirit of St. Louis" and carry about 500 passengers and baggage. In fact, today's aircraft carry more equipment and are smaller in size as a percentage of weight.
Scientists have been forced to make equipment and tools smaller than ever before. The first automatic pilot device to fly an airplane weighed 206 pounds. It was also quite large in size. This device came into use in 1945. Automatic mechanical pilots in use today weigh 75 pounds. It is deployed at a much shorter range than before, and is doing at least 6 times more mechanical work than in 1945.
Scientists had to face many problems to develop the cruise missiles that we often hear about today. Current long-range drains, or missiles, incorporate a large amount of equipment to allow scientists at the launch station precise control and information about the missile's trajectory after launch. The collective name of these various devices is Payload. So named to distinguish the active equipment from the passive structure of the missile. The number of these active devices is gradually increasing as per the requirement so they have to be reduced in size day by day. As people are not able to take control of these missiles, they are being operated by electronic molecular guidance systems. When missiles were first invented, they were large and complex in construction. But now all the mechanical indicators are miniaturized and brought into the circuit.
A 1/20th diameter light bulb accurately timed the image when the guided missile was flying at zero. The light is a neon bulb. When two small electrodes are placed 1/25th apart between them, this light produces a current of 1/40th of a watt. These tiny bulbs are operated by circuits to indicate useful times.
America's first satellite into space was capable of simultaneously transmitting 200 different types of messages. All these devices weighed only 10.5 pounds. The transmitter on the satellite weighed less than 1 pound.
For centuries, people have been trying to find out what minerals can be extracted and refined, and how energy can be extracted from those minerals. Man has pumped oil out of the ground, dug up coal, both of these minerals are formed by the decomposition of deep forest and aquatic plants in the interior of the earth's surface. These natural resources are depleting due to our continuous consumption while our demand for energy fuels is increasing. Scientists are always experimenting with natural forces. As a result, the search for modern energy gave us. That is molecular energy.
Initially, nuclear reactors required a lot of space. Scientists have gradually reduced its size by research. In fact, it's no bigger than a modern kitchen bread warming box. Such nuclear reactors have also been invented at present. One such reactor is capable of generating electricity to house 100 people for the entire laboratory work. Pessimists argued that because nuclear reactors had to be large and thick-walled, nuclear-powered rockets to the moon would not have space for active reactors. Experts now say that it is possible to send rockets to the moon with the help of nuclear energy.
A Nanotechnology Circuit Diagram
What will be the technology of the future?
Now the new technology of the future will dictate what energy will drive what kind of machinery. It will be electromagnetic technology, or resilient technology (i.e. once turned on, it will continue to operate until disconnected), or nuclear technology, or powered by fusion, or naturally occurring technology. , or an entire area will be powered by a pickup connection with a small battery. Or use particle current or wave current. That demand, supply, and availability will dictate what future energy technology will look like.
U.S. Navy scientist Admiral H. G. Recovery had to gain enough velocity. The United States' first nuclear-powered submarine, the USS Nautilus was launched on January 21, 1954 in Groton, Connecticut. Later people realized that Admiral Rickover was right.
Smaller reactors than Nautilus's nuclear reactors could be used to power other submarines. Perhaps by miniaturizing these reactors, further developing their efficiency, in the future airplanes, ocean-going freighters, submarines, railway engines, and automobiles may be powered by nuclear energy. Scientists have already begun research with the intention of applying the newly discovered molecular energy-powered batteries to various applications. During the production of energy from nuclear reactors, a key product called Strontium-90 originates and this substance is not useful at all. The inside of the battery is filled with strontium-90, strontium-90 emits a small amount of harmless beta rays. It is inserted into the battery in such a way that its emitted radiation crushes the tiny transistor molecules, and each fast pulse of strontium-90 produces 200,000 slow-moving electrons in the transistor molecule instead of a full electron. This process generates an electric current directly in the battery, and this current is so powerful that it can run several families depending on the shape and voltage. Such batteries are very small in size and have a lifespan of up to 20 years.
Although further development of this small yet powerful battery is needed, engineers now predict that it could be quickly developed for use in modern electronic devices. It is possible to develop its effective use in mobile phones.
Use of nanotechnology in medical field
Operations using Nano robots, such as angioplasty, deliver treatment directly to diseased cells. Nano cryosurgery, diagnosis like endoscopy, angiogram, colonoscopy etc. Nanotechnology is being used in the pharmaceutical industry to develop smart drugs. The addition of zinc-oxide nanoparticles in cosmetics has made it possible to prevent skin cancer. Nanotechnology is also used in the manufacture of chemicals used in the manufacture of sunscreens and moisturizers and in the manufacture of anti-aging creams. "Smart drugs" produced by applying nanotechnology can be used to quickly cure deadly cancer and incurable diseases. Nanotechnology is being used in the production of alternative fuel sources, such as fuel from hydrogen ions, solar cells for solar power generation, and fuel cells for various types of batteries.
These tiny electro molecular devices have already begun to be used as hearing aids. A 1-inch wireless station with miniature transistors is being tested in medical diagnostics. In this device, a small transistor oscillator (Transistor Oscillator) is packed in a plastic pill. One such pill is given to the patient and it passes through the stomach and intestines. For 15 to 24 hours, the tiny radio-carrying pill sends messages from inside the body as it moves. Doctors are very close to the patient and listen to the signals with the help of wireless receivers. In this way, the doctor can detect muscle contractions and the pressure of fluids and gases inside the patient. And by adding a tiny camera to it, you can see images of the patient's interior. With this pill, the internal organs can be retrieved without causing any pain to the patient, and the capsule often takes 2 to 6 days to travel through the stomach and intestines. Before the discovery of this transistor pill, X-ray was also used to take information about the digestive area of the body by inserting a tube inside the stomach. The demand for nanotechnology has opened a new career path for scientists.
Present-day treatments using nanotechnology:
Diagnosis: Using nanotechnology has made diagnosis more precise and faster.
Nano sensors: Can detect biomolecules, viruses, bacteria, and cancer cells in blood, tissue, or breath.
Nano imaging: Advanced imaging techniques using nanoparticles, which aid in medical diagnosis. Can produce higher resolution images than MRI, CT scan, and endoscopy. Nano particles are being used as enhanced contrast agents for MRI and CT scans.
Nano drug delivery systems: can deliver drugs to specific cells, reducing side effects. Research is underway to use nanoparticles to deliver drugs to specific cells.
Nano therapy: Can be used to destroy cancer cells, perform gene therapy, and repair tissue. Some Nano-based cancer drugs are already approved and in use.
Nano Robotics: Can be used to perform delicate tasks during surgery and deliver medicine.
Tissue Engineering: Nanotechnology plays an important role in the regeneration of damaged tissue.
Drug administration: Nanotechnology helps in precisely targeted drug delivery, which selectively targets diseased tissues to ensure side-effect-free therapeutic application.
Example:
Liposomes: Drug-carrying vesicles can deliver drugs targeted to cancer cells.
Quantum dots: Can produce high-resolution images for MRI.
Gold nanoparticles: can be used with lasers to destroy tumor tissue.
Limitations and Potential Risks:
The long-term effects of nanoparticles are still unknown. Nanotechnology can be expensive in certain areas. There are ethical concerns, such as the potential for misuse of components such as Nano robots.
Future of Nanotechnology:
More new drugs and therapies are expected to be developed using nanotechnology. More advanced and accurate methods for diagnosis and treatment will be developed in the future. Nanotechnology will be used for personalized treatment.
Note:
Nanotechnology is an exciting new field in medicine. Despite the risks, it has the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Nanotechnology is a rapidly evolving field, and new applications are constantly being developed. Ethical and ethical considerations are important to address before using this technology. Also, nanotechnology has been applied in procedures such as operations using Nano robots, angioplasty, Nano cryosurgery, endoscopy, angiogram, colonoscopy etc. This technology has made medical procedures safer and more effective.
Medical Nanotechnology Company:
The field of medical nanotechnology is quite dynamic, with medical nanotechnology companies focusing on various aspects such as drug delivery, diagnostics and disease treatment. Here are some innovative companies in the nanomedicine industry:
Nanocarrier is known for pioneering Nano-bio integration.
T2 Biosystems specializes in sepsis diagnostics.
Cour Pharmaceuticals is an immune targeting specialist.
TaxolCur fights cancer with hybrid-Nano engineering.
Zylo Therapeutics offers sustained-release drug-delivery capabilities.
Vecoy Nanomedicines is a leader in virus-trapping nanotechnology.